Marie Curie

Marie Curie

1867-1934

Pioneer of radioactivity and medicine

Published: September 16, 2025

Marie Curie

What if glowing rocks could help doctors save lives? Start with that question to spark wonder and introduce Marie Curie as the scientist who discovered that strange invisible energy called radioactivity.

Marie Curie

Meet Marie Curie. She lived from 1867 to 1934 and worked in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Today we focus on her discovery of radioactivity — the invisible power inside some elements — and why it mattered.

Marie Curie

She discovered two elements (polonium and radium), named the idea 'radioactivity', and won two Nobel Prizes — the first person to win in two different sciences. She also set up labs to teach others.

Marie Curie

Her work helped doctors use X-rays and develop radiation treatments for cancer. During World War I she made mobile X-ray vans that saved lives. Her curiosity and courage changed medicine and showed that girls can be brilliant scientists too.

Frequently Asked Questions

Where was Marie Curie born?

She was born in Warsaw, which at the time was part of the Russian Empire (today Poland).

What was her original name?

She was born Maria Skłodowska and later became known as Marie Curie after moving to France.

Who did she work closely with?

She collaborated closely with her husband, Pierre Curie; they performed early experiments together and shared scientific work.

Was she a professor at the Sorbonne?

Yes. In 1906 she became the Sorbonne's first female professor, taking Pierre Curie's teaching position after his death.

How did her scientific work affect her health?

Long-term exposure to radioactive materials likely caused aplastic anemia, the illness that contributed to her death in 1934.

Why is the element polonium named that way?

She named polonium in honor of her native Poland as a patriotic tribute.

Are Marie Curie’s original notebooks safe to touch?

No. Her original notebooks remain highly radioactive and are preserved in lead-lined boxes at French archives.

Did she ever isolate pure radium metal?

Yes. In 1910 she and her team succeeded in isolating tiny quantities of radium metal after lengthy chemical work.

How is she honored today?

Her name graces schools, hospitals, and research institutes worldwide; her remains were moved to the Panthéon in Paris as a national honor.

Are the materials she handled still dangerous?

Many samples and items she used remain radioactive. Their hazards helped create the modern safety standards for handling radioactive materials.