Jawaharlal Nehru

1889-1964

Led India to freedom and unity

Published: September 16, 2025

Did you know that India’s first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, was lovingly called “Chacha Nehru” by children? Each year on his birthday, November 14th, India celebrates Children’s Day in his honor. Imagine having your leader think you’re so important that they dedicate a whole day just for kids!

Jawaharlal Nehru (1889–1964) lived during the mid-1900s. In 1947, after India gained freedom from British rule, Nehru became the country’s first Prime Minister. His single most important mission was to build a united, democratic India where every person—especially children—could learn, grow, and live happily together.

Before independence, Nehru joined Mahatma Gandhi in peaceful marches and inspiring speeches that helped millions understand the power of nonviolent protest. As Prime Minister, he guided the making of India’s Constitution, opened schools and science centers, and encouraged farmers and factories to produce food and goods.

Nehru believed education and science were keys to a strong nation. He founded universities and research labs, inspiring young minds to explore math, history, and the stars. Because of his vision, India built rockets, studied medicine, and unlocked new ideas for the future.

Today, Nehru’s dream of unity, democracy, and curiosity lives on. When you read a textbook, visit a museum, or enjoy a school festival on Children’s Day, remember his belief that learning makes the world better. Who knows—maybe you’ll follow his example and inspire kids everywhere too!

Frequently Asked Questions

Did Nehru promote a policy of nonalignment?

Yes. Nehru championed nonalignment — keeping India independent from Cold War blocs — and helped shape the movement that led to the 1961 Belgrade conference of nonaligned countries.

What major books did Nehru write?

He wrote several notable works, including The Discovery of India, Glimpses of World History, and An Autobiography, which explain his ideas on India’s past and future.

Where did Nehru receive his education?

Nehru was educated at Harrow School in England, then Trinity College, Cambridge, and later trained in law at the Inner Temple in London.

What is the origin of the 'Nehru jacket'?

The Nehru jacket is a hip-length coat with a stand-up (band) collar, inspired by traditional Indian achkans. It became associated with Nehru’s style and gained international popularity.

How long did Nehru serve as Prime Minister?

He served as India’s Prime Minister for about 17 years, from 1947 until his death in 1964.

Did any of Nehru’s family members also lead India?

Yes. His daughter, Indira Gandhi, later became Prime Minister and served multiple terms, continuing the family’s political legacy.

What economic approach did Nehru favor for India?

Nehru favored a mixed economy with state-led planning. He set up Five-Year Plans and supported public investment in heavy industry, infrastructure, and scientific institutions.